Ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajambere canke bimaze kwisunura gatoya biriko birarangura intambwe ikomeye mu guteza imbere imiti y’ikirundi canke imiti ifatiye ku buhinga kama, ubwo bumenyi tukaba twabusigiwe nabo hambere. Ivyo bihugu vyatanguye gukorana n’ibihugu hamwe n’amashirahamwe mpuzamakungu mu gushinga amashirahamwe yo kuyungurura ibiterwa kugira imiti ivuyemwo ishobore gufasha abarwayi. None ibintu bimeze gute mu Burundi?
Nkuko tubishikirizwa n’umuhora ngurukanabumenyi wo mu gihugu kibanyi co mu Rwanda newtimes.co.rw , muri Ruhuhuma uno mwaka , ico gihugu caratanguje ibiganiro n’amashirahamwe atandukanye yo mu gihugu c’Ubuhindi kugira hubakwe ishirahamwe rikora imiti y’ikirundi mu Rwanda ku mafaranga angana n’imiliyoni 6 z’amadollars mu mafaranga y’abanyamerika.
Ishirahamwe NIRDA(National Industrial Research and Development Agency) rijejwe ubushakashatsi ryo muri ico gihugu c’Urwanda riremeza yuko hakenewe, hagati y’imiliyoni 4 na 6 z’amadollars mu mafaranga yo muri Amerika nukuvuga hafi hagati y’imiliyaridi 8 na 12 mu mafaranga y’amarundi kugira iryo shirahamwe rishobore gutangura ibikorwa. Ayo mashirahamwe ategekanya yuko iyo miti y’ikirundi yohingurwa hakoreshejwe imizi, amababi, amashurwe, intete, canke mbere ibishishwa vy’ibiterwa.
Nkuko abahinga bari muri mirwi ituruka mu Rwanda no mu Buhindi babimenyesha, amashirahamwe yo mu Buhindi azogirako yereke abarimyi bo mu Rwanda ingene borima ibiterwa ngirakamaro bitanga iyo miti. Mu Rwanda honyene haramaze gukorwa urutonde rungana n’ibiterwa 100 bishobora kuvamwo iyo miti y’ikirundi.
Gushika muri kino gihe imiti ikoreshwa mu bihugu vyo muri Afrika , mu Rwanda canke mbere mu Burundi iva mu za bulaya, mu Buhindi canke mu bihugu bimwe biteye imbere vy’Afrika nka Afrika y’epfo. Ariko naho imiti imwe imwe ihingurirwa muri ivyo bihugu vya Afrika, imitahe n’inyungu bifata inzira y’Ibulaya kuko ayo mashirahamwe yamuka mu bihugu vya Bulaya. Aho twovuga nka GlaxoSmithKline, Bayer, Roche n’ayandi. Muri urwo rutonde nta shirahamwe na rimwe ryo muri Afrika ririmwo. Ikindi kintu dusanzwe tuzi nuko imiti nka yose ikorwa yamuka mu biterwa.
Dufatire ku giterwa ca ca giti citwa “Saule” mu rurimi rw’igifaransa. Iki giti carabaye rurangiranwa mu makungu kuko nico catanze ibinini vyitwa Aspirine, bihinguwe ubwa mbere mu buryo bw’ikizungu, n’ishirahamwe rutura ry’abadagi mu guhingura imiti ariryo “Bayer”. Iki giti camuka I Bulaya ariko turafisanga no muri Aziya hamwe no mu ntara ya Amerika y’Uburaruko
Igiti ca saule nico catanze ubwambere ibinini vya Aspirine
Naho iki giti kizwi cagiye kumenyekana cane kuva mu kinjana ca 19, kizwi kuva mu mwaka 500 imbere yuko Yezu avuka, coba cari kizwi mu bagereki bo hambere. Mu mpera y’ikinjana ca 19, niho Abanyabulaya na cane cane Abadagi batora yuko bashobora guhingura uduce tumwe tumwe two mu biterwa kugira baduhinguremwo imiti y’ikizungu . Babigize gutryo kugira bace bavyiyitirira baronke uburenganzira ntasangirwa bwo kugurisha iyo miti bonyene bimwe bita “Brevet” mu gifaransa canke “ipatanti” mu rurimi rw’ikirundi.
None ipatanti ivuga iki?
Ipatanti n’igice c’amafaranga (%)atangwa ku kidandazwa cose ku muhinga canke ishirahamwe yavumbuye ubuhinga bwo gukora ico kidandazwa mu kubashimira no kubashumbusha ku kigoro n’ubuhinga abo bahinga canke amashirahamwe yoba yaragize mu gutora ubuhinga bwo guhingura ico kidandazwa. Ubwo ni buryo bukoreshwa na cane cane n’amashirahamwe akora imiti. Ninaco gituma ayo mashirahamwe afise itunga ry’umurengera riharurwa mu mamiliyaridi y’amadollars. Ariko ubwo buryo bwa “brevet”canke “ipatanti” burakoreshwa no mu bindi bigabane vy’ubutunzi bw’ibihugu haba mu vyerekeye uburyo bwo kwunguruza abantu n’ibintu n’ahandi.
Ibihugu bikiri mu nzira yamajambere bitanga amafaranga atagira uko angana mu kugura imiti y’ikizungu. Dufatiye ku Burundi urwo rugezo rwangana hagati y’umwaka wa 2009 na 2013 n’imiliyoni 45,8 z’amadollars y’abanyamarika dukurikije ibiharuro bishikirizwa n’ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rijejwe amagara y’abantu kw’isi(OMS).
Birakwiye rero yuko Uburundi n’abahinga baho mu vyerekeye ubuvuzi bokorana n’abo hanze kugira igihugu gishobore gushinga amashirahamwe y’abarundi mu Burundi nyene ashobora guhingura iyo miti yogurishwa mu gihugu no mu makungu hakoreshejwe ibiterwa vyo mu Burundi. Gutryo urugezo rw’amafaranga y’agaciro asohoka hanze yogabanuka. Ikigo c’ubushakashatsi ca Muganga Dr. Rath gifise intebe muri California mu gihugu ca Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cariyemeje gufasha Uburundi- ku buntu- gutohoza ibiterwa bishobora kuba ngirakamaro ku Burundi no ku Barundi kugira bareke kwama bazera inze ku bihugu vyo hanze. Umugani w’ikirundi uvuga uti:“Akava imuhana kaza imvura ihise”. Ikigo ca Muganga Dr. Rath cerekeye amagara y’abantu kirongera kigafasha Uburundi mu guteza imbere indimo n’ibiterwa ngirakamaro nk’ivyamwa n’imboga bishobora kuzanira vitamine n’ibindi vyunyunyu ngirakamaro umubiri w’abantu . Amagara meza yamuka ku bwoko bwiza bw’imfungurwa n’ingaburo zirimwo. Hariho isano rikomeye hagati y’ivyo dufungura n’amagara dufise.
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Isoko ry’inkuru : https://www.newtimes.co.rw/business/rwanda-talks-private-firms-set-6m-phytomedicines-plant
